Detailed Explanation of Highway Tunnel Structure and Safety Facilities: How Tunnel Emergency Rescue Telephones Protect the Lifeline

Detailed Explanation of Highway Tunnel Structure and Safety

Facilities: How Tunnel Emergency Rescue Telephones Protect

the Lifeline

Highway tunnels, as important transportation infrastructure,

play a crucial role in traversing complex terrain, improving

traffic efficiency, and ensuring continuous traffic flow. 

However, the enclosed space, limited lighting, and unique

escape conditions of tunnels make rescue operations far

more difficult than on ordinary roads in the event of an

accident. Therefore, a well-designed tunnel structure and

emergency safety facilities, especially the tunnel emergency

rescue telephone system, are crucial for ensuring safe tunnel

operation.

I. Basic Functions and Scale Characteristics of Highway

Tunnels

Highway tunnels are mainly constructed in mountainous

or complex terrain areas, and their core functions include:

Overcoming topographical obstacles

Shortening driving distance

Improving traffic efficiency

In actual engineering projects, many highway tunnels are

quite long, for example:

Guosui No. 1 Tunnel: 2605 meters long

Hongshui River No. 1 Tunnel: 795 meters long

The longer the tunnel, the higher the risk of accidents and

the greater the difficulty of emergency response, requiring

stricter requirements for communication, evacuation, and

rescue facilities.

II. Main Structure Design: Reserving Lifelines for Emergency

Evacuation

1. Vehicular Cross-Passage System

Setting Standard: Must be configured in tunnels 1 kilometer

or longer

Functional Positioning: Emergency diversion channel for 

vehicles and personnel

Distribution Pattern: The longer the tunnel, the more

vehicular cross-passages

Vehicular cross-passages provide critical access for

emergency rescue vehicles and trapped personnel

in the event of fire or major accidents.

2. Pedestrian Cross-Passage System

Setting Standard: Must be configured in tunnels 500

meters or longer

Functional Positioning: Dedicated emergency

evacuation channel for personnel

Spatial Distribution:

Alternating with vehicular cross-passages

Spacing is usually 200-300 meters

Pedestrian cross-passages are important exits for

personnel escaping from the tunnel and work effectively

in conjunction with the emergency communication system.

3. Auxiliary Channel Design

Double-sided maintenance access roads:

Daily inspection

Dual purpose for emergency evacuation

Emergency parking bays:

Configured in conjunction with vehicular cross-passages

Providing a safe space for disabled and accident vehicles

III. Emergency Facility Configuration: Communication is

the First Line of Rescue

1. Communication System: Tunnel Emergency Rescue

Telephones are Indispensable

In the tunnel emergency system, tunnel emergency

rescue telephones are the "first point of contact" 

after an accident. Deployment Method:

Emergency telephone + emergency broadcast

combination setup

One unit installed every 200 meters on the right side

of the driving direction

Core Functions:

Two-way communication: On-site personnel can call

the monitoring center with a single button.

Remote broadcasting: The monitoring center can

issue real-time instructions via broadcast.

In case of rear-end collisions, fires, or vehicle

breakdowns, the tunnel emergency rescue telephone

can establish communication in the shortest possible

time, preventing personnel from acting blindly.

2. Fire Fighting System: Rapid response to initial fires

Configuration Standard:

Fire boxes installed every 50 meters on the right side

of the tunnel

Fire box contents:

Fire hydrant

Fire extinguisher

Water mist system

Clear operating instructions:

Connect the fire hose

Open the valve

Aim at the fire source to extinguish the fire

Used in conjunction with the tunnel emergency rescue

telephone, it allows for simultaneous alarm and

on-site self-rescue.

IV. Accident Handling and Escape Guidance:

Communication and guidance are key

1. Standard Procedure for Rear-End Collisions

in Tunnels

Set up traffic cones to warn following vehicles

Personnel quickly evacuate to a safe area

Report the incident via the tunnel emergency

rescue telephone

Wait for professional rescue

2. Emergency Contact Information

Fire alarm: 119

Highway rescue: 12122 / 96333

In the tunnel, prioritize using the tunnel

emergency rescue telephone, which connects

directly to the tunnel monitoring center for

faster and more accurate rescue response.

3. Correct Escape Route

Evacuate via the maintenance access road

Enter the nearest cross-passage

Evacuate against the wind direction to avoid

smoke inhalation